An ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening emergency in which a fertilized egg implants outside the uterine cavity, most commonly in the fallopian tube. Pelvic ultrasound is the critical diagnostic tool in the evaluation of early pregnancy with pain or bleeding, aiming to identify an intrauterine pregnancy or signs of an ectopic implantation.
Sonographic Evaluation
Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) is the preferred technique for early pregnancy evaluation. Findings include an empty uterus, adnexal mass or ring sign, free fluid in the cul-de-sac, and absence of an intrauterine gestational sac. Correlation with serum β-hCG levels guides interpretation.