Uterus

The uterus is a pear-shaped, muscular organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and the rectum. It consists of three layers: the endometrium (inner lining), the myometrium (muscular wall), and the serosa (outer covering). The uterus is where a fertilized egg implants and where the fetus develops during pregnancy. On ultrasound, the uterus is one of the most frequently evaluated organs, assessed for size, shape, position (anteverted, retroverted), endometrial thickness and pattern, myometrial texture, and the presence of fibroids, polyps, or other abnormalities. The uterus can be imaged transabdominally (with a full bladder as an acoustic window) or transvaginally (which provides higher resolution). Uterine evaluation is fundamental to gynecologic and obstetric sonography.