Archives: Glossary

Doppler evaluation of blood flow in the umbilical arteries to assess placental resistance and fetal well-being in high-risk pregnancies.

The connecting structure between fetus and placenta, containing two arteries and one vein — evaluated on obstetric ultrasound.

The part of the fetus that overlies the maternal cervix, most commonly cephalic (head down) — assessed on obstetric ultrasound.

A benign smooth muscle tumor of the uterus, appearing on ultrasound as a hypoechoic mass that distorts normal uterine architecture.

A hormonal disorder characterized on ultrasound by enlarged ovaries containing 20 or more follicles per ovary.

A temporary endocrine structure formed in the ovary after ovulation, appearing on ultrasound as a thick-walled cystic structure with peripheral vascularity.

A fluid-filled sac within the ovary containing an oocyte, visualized on ultrasound during ovulation monitoring.

The sonographic measurement of the endometrial lining, used to evaluate postmenopausal bleeding and monitor ovulation.

A pregnancy implanted outside the uterine cavity, most commonly in the fallopian tube — a life-threatening emergency diagnosed on transvaginal ultrasound.

Twisting of the ovary on its pedicle causing ischemia — a gynecologic emergency evaluated with Doppler ultrasound.